Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan

Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan

The Union Cabinet, under the leadership of the Prime Minister of India, recently approved the Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN), with a significant total outlay of Rs. 24,104 crore. This comprehensive initiative aims to address the developmental needs of the tribal communities in India, particularly focusing on Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs), a category of tribal populations that face extreme levels of isolation and marginalization.

Key Features of PM JANMAN
The PM JANMAN scheme will involve both Central Sector and Centrally Sponsored Schemes, bringing together the efforts of 9 Ministries, including the Ministry of Tribal Affairs, to implement 11 critical interventions that are designed to improve the lives of tribal communities.

These interventions will include:

1. Permanent Housing: Ensuring that tribal communities have access to durable and sustainable homes.
2. Road Connectivity: Improving access to remote tribal areas by building roads.
3. Piped Water Supply: Providing clean and safe drinking water to tribal habitations.
4. Mobile Medical Units: Ensuring healthcare reaches the most isolated tribal areas through mobile health services.
5. Hostel Construction: Establishing hostels to support tribal students in their education.
6. Anganwadi Facilities: Strengthening early childhood care services for tribal children.
7. Skill Development Centres: Providing skill training to enhance employment opportunities.

Additional Interventions by Other Ministries
Beyond these 11 key interventions, several other ministries will play pivotal roles in addressing the needs of PVTGs:

• Ministry of Ayush: Establishing Ayush Wellness Centres and extending healthcare services, including mobile medical units, to PVTG habitations.
• Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship: Facilitating vocational and skill development training in PVTG areas, helping improve livelihoods through tailored skill-building programs in multipurpose centers and hostels.

Focus on Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs)
According to the 2011 Census, India's Scheduled Tribes (STs) population stands at 10.45 crore, with 75 communities in 18 states and the Union Territory of Andaman and Nicobar Islands recognized as Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).

These groups are marked by:

• Primitive Traits: Often relying on traditional methods of survival, such as hunting and gathering.
• Geographical Isolation: Many PVTGs live in remote, hard-to-reach regions.
• Low Literacy Rates and Negative Population Growth: Due to limited access to education and healthcare.
• Technological Backwardness: Their methods of production and technology are largely pre-agricultural.

The creation of the Primitive Tribal Groups (PTGs) category in 1973 by the Dhebar Commission helped identify and address the unique challenges faced by these communities.

Key Takeaways
PM JANMAN aims to provide a holistic solution for the development of India's most vulnerable tribal communities, focusing on their basic needs and improving access to essential services. By leveraging the collaboration of various ministries and ensuring targeted interventions, this mission will empower tribal communities, improving their standard of living and preserving their cultural heritage.

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